Which of the following best explains the concept of 'détente'?

Détente refers specifically to the period during the Cold War characterized by a thawing of tensions between the East and the West, particularly between the United States and the Soviet Union. This era saw efforts to reduce the risk of nuclear conflict and improve diplomatic relations, marked by treaties such as the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) and improved communication channels. It represents a significant shift from the earlier phases of the Cold War, where hostility was rampant, emphasizing negotiations and cooperation over confrontation.

In contrast, the other options reflect different aspects of international relations. Increased hostilities describe the earlier part of the Cold War, while the formation of military alliances refers to entities like NATO and the Warsaw Pact, which were established in response to the perceived threats from the opposing side. Global economic partnerships represent cooperative economic arrangements, which are important but are not central to the concept of détente. Therefore, the emphasis on easing tensions during the Cold War accurately captures the essence of détente.