Which book, authored by Adam Smith, outlines foundational theories of capitalism?

The Wealth of Nations, authored by Adam Smith and first published in 1776, is a seminal work that lays the groundwork for classical economics and the principles of capitalism. In this book, Smith introduces key concepts such as the division of labor, the role of self-interest in economic exchange, and the idea of the "invisible hand" that guides markets. These concepts emphasize how individual actions driven by personal gain can lead to positive outcomes for society as a whole, which is a fundamental tenet of capitalist ideology.

Smith argues that when individuals are free to pursue their economic interests, they inadvertently contribute to the overall wealth and efficiency of society. This work remains a cornerstone in understanding capitalist theory and the mechanics of market economies, influencing both economic thought and policy over the centuries. The recognition of The Wealth of Nations as the foundational text for capitalism underscores its essential role in shaping modern economic frameworks.

The other options presented, while influential works in their own right, either focus on different aspects of political economy, socialism, or moral philosophy, and do not specifically outline the foundational theories of capitalism as clearly as Smith's The Wealth of Nations does.