What term refers to conflicts where one superpower uses other states as substitutes for direct fighting?

The term "Proxy War" is correct because it refers to a type of conflict where one superpower engages in indirect confrontation by supporting other smaller nations or groups to fight on its behalf. This strategy allows the superpower to assert influence and achieve its strategic goals without direct military engagement. Proxy wars often occur during periods of tension between superpowers, where the risks of direct confrontation are too high, yet both sides seek to expand their influence.

This term captures the essence of these conflicts, as it emphasizes the use of substitutes—often countries or factions—to carry out military objectives and advance ideological interests. Historical examples include the Vietnam War, where the United States supported South Vietnam against the communist North, and various conflicts during the Cold War, where the United States and the Soviet Union backed opposing sides in different countries.

Choices like "Cold War" refer to the broader ideological and geopolitical tension between superpowers without direct confrontation but do not specifically denote the use of surrogate forces. "Hot War" describes direct military engagement between powers, which is different from proxy strategies. "Surrogate Conflict" is less commonly used in academic discussions, making "Proxy War" the most appropriate and recognized term for the described scenario.